Title
Fisheries management for the scalloped spiny lobster (Panulirus homarus) in the waters of southern Yogyakarta and Pacitan, Indonesia
Author(s)
Duranta D. Kembaren; Regi F. Anggawangsa; Ignatius T. Hargiyatno; Agus A. Hakim; Rani Ekawaty; Ahmad S. Jafani
Published
2021
Abstract
Seven species of spiny lobster are found in Indonesian waters: Panulirus homarus, P. penicillatus, P. longipes, P. femoristriga, P. polyphagus, P. versicolor and P. ornatus. Spiny lobster are distributed throughout the coastal waters of Indonesia but the major fisheries production is in the Indian Ocean, from western Sumatra extending east to southern Java and Nusa Tenggara. The Scalloped Spiny Lobster (P. homarus) is the dominant species caught off the southern coasts of Java and Bali, where it comprises up to 90% of the spiny lobster catch. In the coastal waters of southern Java, in the region of Yogyakarta and Pacitan, P. homarus comprises 34% of the spiny lobster landings. This species has high economic value for local consumption and is also exported. In southern Java, it is caught using gillnets and traps, with most of the catch coming from gillnets. Fishing is conducted all year round and the length at first capture is smaller than the length at 50% maturity. Length data have been collected since 2010–2012 under a project of the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) and through research at the Research Institute for Marine Fisheries in 2013, 2014 and 2016. The length-data and life-history characteristics of P. homarus have been used to estimate the spawning potential ratio (SPR) by the length-based SPR (LBSPR) method. The estimated SPR is 16%, which indicates that the stock is depleted compared with an SPR limit of 20% and target SPR of 40% for many species. The current management for the lobster fishery operates under two regulations: Ministerial Decree 50/2017, which regulates the total allowable catch (TAC) and Ministerial Decree 56/2016, which regulates the minimum legal size for capture of spiny lobster in general. The TAC regulation is difficult to implement because the many private landing sites increase the size of the unreported catch. Further, the regulation for minimum legal size is easy to apply only for the export trade: a certified document is needed for export but local lobster trading is not monitored. For future management, especially for the minimum legal size, species-specific size limits must be determined because of the differences in growth and size at maturity among the species of spiny lobster. Application of the Method Evaluation and Risk Assessment Tool (MERA) to assess the long-term sustainability and yield of the lobster stocks identified four management procedures that performed well: ITe10 – total allowable effort allocation with a maximum change of 10% per year; MRNoreal – marine reserve, no reallocation of effort; MRreal – marine reserve with effort reallocation; and DD – simple delay-difference stock assessment. The option based on total allowable effort (ITe10) could probably be implemented most effectively. Currently, insufficient information is available to select areas for marine reserves. Assessing the habitat requirements and distribution of the early life stages is needed to make recommendations on spatial closures for this species, which may assist in rebuilding the SPR of the stock. Further work on evaluating performance indicators for this species, and setting appropriate target and limit reference points, would also be useful.
Full Citation
Kembaren, D.D., R.F.Anggawangsa, I.T. Hargiyatno, A.A. Hakim, R. Ekawaty, and A.S. Jafani (2021). Fisheries management for the scalloped spiny lobster (Panulirus homarus) in the waters of southern Yogyakarta and Pacitan, Indonesia. In: Loneragan, N.R., Wiryawan, B., Hordyk, A.R., Halim, A., Proctor, C., Satria, F., Yulianto, I. (Eds), Proceedings from Workshops on Management Strategy Evaluation of Data-Limited Fisheries: Towards Sustainability – Applying the Method Evaluation and Risk Assessment Tool to Seven Indonesian Fisheries, 51-63. Murdoch, Australia and Bogor, Indonesia: Murdoch University and IPB University.

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