Title
Immobilization of babirusa (Babyrousa babyrussa) with xylazine and tiletamine/zolazepam and reversal with yohimbine and flumazenil
Author(s)
James S.B., Cook R.A., Raphael B.L., Stetter M.D., Kalk P., MacLaughlin K., Calle P.P.
Published
1999
Publisher
Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine
Abstract
Twelve babirusa (Babyrousa babyrussa) (four females/eight males) were immobilized 30 times during a 4-yr interval. Significantly higher premedication and immobilizing doses were needed for females than for males (P < 0.05). An i.m. preanesthetic xylazine dose of 1.88 ± 0.37 mg/kg (range = 1.20-2.12 mg/kg) was used for females and 1.22 ± 0.16 mg/kg (range = 0.82-1.43 mg/kg) for males. After xylazine, the animals were induced with i.m. tiletamine/zolazepam; females received 2.20 ± 0.47 mg/kg (range = 1.78-3.33 mg/kg) and males received 1.71 ± 0.34 mg/kg (range = 1.08-2.05 mg/kg). Anesthesia was reversed with yohimbine (0.14 ± 0.03 mg/kg; range = 0.07-0.20 mg/kg) and flumazenil (1 mg flumazenil/20 mg zolazepam) either i.m. or i.v. This anesthetic combination produced smooth induction, good relaxation, and sufficient immobilization to perform routine diagnostic and therapeutic procedures (venipuncture, hoof and tusk trims, transportation, radiographs, ultrasound examination, weight determinations, and skin biopsies). Supplemental ketamine HCl or isoflurane was administered to two animals to effectively deepen or orolone the anesthetic plane, with no resultant adverse effects. Copyright 1999 by American Association of Zoo Veterinarians.
Keywords
alpha adrenergic receptor blocking agent; alpha adrenergic receptor stimulating agent; anesthetic agent; antidote; anxiolytic agent; benzodiazepine receptor affecting agent; flumazenil; oxygen; tiletamine; xylazine; yohimbine; zolazepam; animal; animal disease; article; blood; body temperature; breathing; drug antagonism; drug effect; female; heart rate; immobilization; intramuscular drug administration; intravenous drug administration; male; physiology; premedication; retrospective study; swine; zoo animal; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Anesthetics, Dissociative; Animals; Animals, Zoo; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Antidotes; Body Temperature; Female; Flumazenil; GABA Modulators; Heart Rate; Immobilization; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Oxygen; Preanesthetic Medication; Respiration; Retrospective Studies; Swine; Tiletamine; Xylazine; Yohimbine; Zolazepam

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PUB12776