Title
Chapter Title: Integrating conservation and development in Madagascar’s Marine Protected Areas
Book Title: Marine protected areas: Interactions with fishery livelihoods and food security.
Author(s)
Brenier, Ambroise ;Vogel, Aurélie
Published
2017
Abstract
Less than 3 percent of the oceans are covered by marine protected areas (MPAs), and this percentage is even lower in Madagascar (less than 1 percent). And yet Madagascar’s seas are extremely diverse, with some of the largest coral reefs in the world. Simultaneously, over 10 million of Malagasy people, or 50 percent of the population, live near the coast and rely on marine and coastal ecosystems for food and revenue. Madagascar’s smallscale fisheries sector is highly significant for the country (Le Manach et al., 2012). Countrywide, marine fisheries provide an income estimated at over US$160 million annually (World Bank, 2003) whereas the small-scale fisheries account for 70 percent of the total production and involve about 100 000 fishers (Le Manach et al., 2012). Evidence of recent declines of fishery resources, especially species of high value, such as shrimp, sharks and sea cucumbers, has been documented (Le Manach et al., 2012; Anderson et al., 2011), and most of the small-scale coastal fisheries in Madagascar are considered unsustainable. This is largely due to overharvesting and destructive fishing practices (Iida, 2005; McVean, Walker and Fanning, 2006; Barnes and Rawlinson, 2009; Davis, Beanjara and Tregenza, 2009; Brenier, Ferraris and Mahafina, 2011; Le Manach, 2012; Robinson and Sauer, 2013)

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PUB22237