Title
Features of the Far Eastern Leopard Marking Behavior in Southwest of Primorskii Krai of Russia (??????????? ?????????????? ????????? ???????????????? ???????? ?? ???-?????? ??????????? ???? ??????).
Author(s)
Shevtsova, E. I.; Kostyrya, A. V.; Matyukhina, D. S.; Rybin, A. N.; Vitkalova, A. V.; Miquelle, D.
Published
2016
Publisher
Modern problems of science and education
Abstract
As most of the felids of the Far Eastern or Amur leopard is solitary predator. For intra- and interspecific communication leopards use three main marking types to signalize their presence - visual, olfactory or scent-marking and vocalization. For the purpose of this work, we analyzed the data from the Amur leopard individual snowtracking sessions conducted in two consecutive winter seasons 2008-2009 and 2009-2010. Overall, 313 marks were described. The study revealed that - the leopards mostly used the combination of visual and olfactory marking types. A scrape was a predominant marking (85.9%) among all described. Scrapes were observed both independently (in 31.6% of cases), and in combination with the olfactory marks, such as urine (63.6%) and / or scat (4.8%). Males scraped significantly more frequently (80.3%) than females did (1.9%).
Keywords
far eastern leopard; marking behavior; panthera pardus orientalis; scrape

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